Surgical Repair Options

This is the traditional approach to surgery with a large incision. This approach may be chosen for very small hernais, such as an umbilical. Occasionally, open surgery is needed for complex hernias, such as those with prior mesh that needs to be removed. 

Laparoscopic surgery was invented in the 1980s to minimize problems from large incisions, such as pain and wound infections. Laparoscopy uses small incisions and a camera to visualize and fix the hernia. It has a few limitations, such as straight instruments that limit movement by the surgeon, difficulty in placing mesh outside the abdomen, and potential use of painful fixation devices such as tacks.

Robotic surgery is the next step of minimally invasive surgery. The robot offers wrists for the surgeon and a high definition camera, making the surgeon more comfortable and the surgery more precise. The robot is fully controlled by the surgeon, but offers the dexterity that is limited with laparoscopic surgery. The most advanced minimally invasive hernia repairs are typically performed robotically.